Dental Disease in Dogs and Cats: What Every Pet Owner Should Know

3 min read

As loving pet parents, we do our best to keep our furry friends happy and healthy. But one area of health that often gets overlooked is dental care. Just like humans, dogs and cats can develop dental disease—and if left untreated, it can lead to pain, infection, and even serious health problems affecting the heart, liver, and kidneys.

In this post, we’ll break down what dental disease in pets really is, how to recognize the warning signs, and the simple steps you can take to protect your pet’s oral health for years to come.

Why Dental Disease Happens in Pets

Dental disease—also called periodontal disease—is caused by the buildup of plaque and tartar on teeth. Over time, bacteria in the mouth cause inflammation of the gums (gingivitis), which can progress to infection, tooth loss, and damage to surrounding tissues.

By age three, an estimated 70% of cats and 80% of dogs show signs of dental disease. Risk factors include:

• Breed: Small dog breeds are more prone due to crowded teeth.

• Diet: Soft or sticky foods can accelerate plaque buildup.

• Age: Older pets are at higher risk.

Common Signs of Dental Disease

Watch for these symptoms, which may start subtly but get worse over time:

• Bad breath (persistent, not just after eating)

• Yellow or brown buildup on teeth

• Red, swollen, or bleeding gums

• Difficulty chewing or dropping food

• Pawing at the mouth or face

• Weight loss or decreased appetite

💡 Tip: Many pets hide pain well, so changes in behavior—like being less playful or more irritable—can also be a clue.

How to Help Prevent Dental Disease

Prevention is far easier (and cheaper) than treatment. Here’s what works best:

1. Schedule Regular Veterinary Dental ExamsYour vet should check your pet’s teeth during every wellness visit. Professional cleanings under anesthesia are the gold standard for removing plaque and tartar under the gumline.

🔍 Tip: Annual cleanings are recommended for most pets, but some may need them more often.

2. Brush Your Pet’s Teeth at HomeDaily brushing is ideal, but even a few times a week makes a big difference. Use pet-safe toothpaste—never human toothpaste, which can be toxic to pets.

💡 Start slow and make it positive with treats and praise.

3. Offer Dental-Friendly Chews and DietsVeterinary Oral Health Council (VOHC)-approved dental chews, treats, and diets can help reduce plaque.

📣 Be sure to choose products that match your pet’s size and chewing style to avoid choking hazards.

Important Considerations

Before starting a dental routine, keep these points in mind:

• Existing Dental Disease: If your pet already has significant tartar or gum inflammation, schedule a vet visit before brushing—brushing over infection can be painful.

• Home Care is Supportive, Not a Replacement: Chews and brushing help, but professional cleanings are still necessary.

• Watch for Underlying Conditions: Pets with certain health issues (like heart disease) may need special precautions for dental procedures.

Advantages of Staying on Top of Dental Care

🦷 Better Overall Health – Prevents bacteria from spreading to other organs

💵 Lower Long-Term Costs – Avoids expensive extractions and advanced treatments

😊 Happier Pets – No more mouth pain, bad breath, or difficulty eating